SS-31
SS-31 is unusual here: its clinical form, elamipretide, has been through randomized controlled trials. In primary mitochondrial myopathy, the...
About:
A mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide that binds cardiolipin, developed clinically as elamipretide and approved in the United States as Forzinity.
What does this peptide do?
Backed by human trial data, narrower than the strongest evidence. Research focuses on mitochondrial function.
Mitochondrial function
Binds cardiolipin; developed clinically as elamipretide.
Evidence grade
BHighest evidence grade among the graded claims: B. Grades reflect study strength, not benefit.
What are the benefits and side effects of this peptide
What research says it may help with
- SS-31 is unusual here: its clinical form, elamipretide, has been through randomized controlled trials.
- In primary mitochondrial myopathy, the MMPOWER-3 trial did not show a significant overall benefit, with genotype-specific analyses explored afterward.
- Development in Barth syndrome and eye disease is documented in reviews.
Who should avoid it
- People who are pregnant or breastfeeding
- Anyone substituting research-market vials for the prescription product Forzinity
- Known hypersensitivity to the compound
See the safety section. Absence of a flag is not evidence of safety.
A grade reflects evidence strength, not a recommendation to use this compound; a strong grade can attach to a harmful effect.
How to store this peptide
The clinical product is a regulated pharmaceutical. Research-market vials are typically lyophilized powder; reconstituted solutions are perishable, need refrigeration, and require clean handling.
Lyophilized storage
Refrigerate at 2–8 °C in the original carton. Do not freeze.
Reconstituted storage
Once in use, may be kept below 30 °C for the period stated on the product label.
Storage Handling
Protect from light. Do not use if it has been frozen.
Related research
Related research is coming soon for this peptide.
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